Somalia faces growing instability and navigates an increasingly volatile neighbourhood. Türkiye eases tensions through the 2024 Ankara Declaration and boasts a well-established military training centre, TURKSOM, in Mogadishu. Across the Gulf of Aden, reports of Yemen's Ansarullah Houthis' cooperation with Al Shabaab terrorists in Somalia have raised concerns over weapons smuggling and military training, which may lead to the establishment of an Israeli military base in Somaliland and bring Middle Eastern rivalries close to Somalia's shores.